©Wynn Bullock - girl on beach - 1968
Varlam Chalamov - Récits de Kolyma "le charmeur de serpents"
It is not the hand which made a man of the monkey, it is not an embryo of brain and it is not either the soul: there are dogs and bears who act more intelligently and in a more moral way than the man. And it is not either because he mastered the strength of the fire: all this arrived after it was realized the essential condition of his transformation. One day, in other conditions, similar for all, the man showed himself the most solid, the toughest on the physical plan, of all the animals. [...] A horse does not last even one month in the living conditions of Kolyma in winter, exposed to the cold of the stable and subjected to a hard and prolonged work in full frost. [...] But the man, him, can live. Maybe he lives on hope? But it is that he has no hope. If he's not an idiotic, he cannot live on hope. That's why there are so many suicides. But the instinct of self-preservation, the fact of hanging on to the life and of hanging on to it exactly on the physical plan - this instinct to which is also subordinated its consciousness-, here is what what saves him. He lives on what make live the stone, the wood, the bird and the dog. But he hangs on more to the life. And he is tougher than all the animals.
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